furanone

caramel furan

Found in 2 ingredients across the CompKitchen flavor graph.

Look up another compound — search by name, CAS number, PubChem CID, or FEMA #.

Properties

Odor description: caramel-like
Odor threshold — in a food matrix: 1.0 ppb – 1759 ppb median 33.0 ppb · 3 published values · see all 3 with sources
CAS number: 20825-71-2

Regulatory · United States

FEMA GRAS — Generally Recognized As Safe for flavoring use

? Partial match

FEMA number: 4868
GRAS publication: GRAS 28
CAS number: 61315-75-1
FEMA primary name: 4-(4-Methyl-3-penten-1-yl)-2(5H)-furanone

Reported use levels (ppm by food category)

Typical vs maximum reported addition levels in finished food. Use as a regulatory ceiling reference — verify against the current GRAS publication for your product category.

Food category	Typical (ppm)	Maximum (ppm)
baked goods	0.0001	0.001
beverages, alcoholic	1e-05	0.0001
beverages, non-alcoholic	1e-05	0.0001
beverages, nonalcoholic	1e-05	0.0001
breakfast cereals	0.0001	0.001
cheeses	0.001	0.01
chewing gum	0.0001	0.001
confections and frostings	0.0001	0.001
egg products	0.0001	0.001
fats and oils	0.001	0.01
fish products	0.0001	0.001
frozen dairy	0.0001	0.001
fruit ices	1e-05	0.0001
gelatins and puddings	0.0001	0.001
gravies	0.001	0.01
hard candy	0.0001	0.001
imitation dairy	0.0001	0.001
instant coffee and tea	1e-05	0.0001
meat products	1e-05	0.0001
milk products	1e-05	0.0001
nut products	0.0001	0.001
other grains	0.0001	0.001
processed fruits	1e-05	0.0001
seasonings and flavors	0.01	0.1
snack foods	0.0001	0.001
soft candy	0.0001	0.001
soups	0.0001	0.001

Source: FEMA GRAS publications 1-33. 15 related FEMA records for this name — verify the exact substance for regulatory use.

Published thresholds

3 measured values from the literature. Grouped by what was actually measured — a threshold smelled in clean water, tasted in the mouth, or measured in a real food are three different quantities and are not pooled.

In a food matrix

1.0 ppb – 1759 ppb

Measured in a real food, where the matrix shifts detection — not a clean-water value.

Threshold	Matrix	Source	Paper
1.0 ppb SIDA	water (food: unknown)	Literature corpus	33714268, 37709800, 38658602
33.0 ppb	water (food: fish)	Literature corpus	24594176, 36144849, 37003052
1759 ppb SIDA	water (food: wine)	Literature corpus	33714268, 24594176, 36144849 +3

Only values we can attribute are listed. Where a compendium's licence does not permit public attribution its figures are omitted here, so every number on this page traces to a citable source.

Where you'd actually smell it

Odor Activity Value = measured concentration ÷ odor threshold (33.0 ppb, the engine's canonical value — see the 3 published values). OAV ≥ 1 = perceptible.

Food	Concentration (ppb)	OAV	Source
lpi	50.0	1.52	—
wine	39.5	1.20	—
egg	34.0	1.03	—
fish	32.0	0.97	—
ginger	0.1	0.00	—

Concentrations from PubMed Central Open Access papers (free literature corpus, MIT-style licensed). Copper = OAV ≥ 10 (strongly perceptible). Green = OAV ≥ 1 (perceptible).

Found in

Measured impact first, then profile share

Every ingredient known to contain furanone. Ingredients with a measured concentration come first, ranked by odour activity; the rest follow by how large a share of that ingredient's profile this molecule is. The figure beside each is how many different compounds that ingredient has in total — not the concentration of furanone in it. Full concentrations are in the OAV table above.

298 cmpds

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