INDESTRUCTIBLE BY HEAT, GOLD, SUN OR RAIN

FIRST-CLASS IN EVERY RESPECT. NO SECONDS, REMNANTS OR MILL ENDS. Write for FREE SAMPLES or order direct from this advertisement. Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. We refer you to the Southern Illinois National Banlc

Century Manufacturing Co., ISV l'.h'-''iie'„ nIw "vorK cy.

8£AUTIFY^^^ Protect Most Sacped Spot

I Harmonious Beauty and Permanent Protection are Combined in

I Cyclone Cemetery Fence and Entrance Arches.

Special prices to J. Placed around the community burying ground they I Laarches and Ceme- are an expression of remembrance and devotion by the living and give Itery Ass n s. ^C30»r^ the last resting place of loved ones a well-kept appearance.

Built to last, of heavy galvanized wire, in various ornamen- • Cal patterns. Are cheaper than wood and much more orna- mental. Designed for publicparks and private grounds. lS^=7,-^ ""rife for FREE Illustrated Catalog. 1 jgyiat-^- Cyclone Fence Co., Dept. 68, Wackegan.IlI.

In 1918— What?

Many a car will run well for one summer. But in five years from now where will flimsy cars be? And what will they cost in the meantime?

"Dear Mr. Olds: I have run one of your cars for 75,000 miles, and it still runs as well as any new car I know."

That's from one of the letters which come to me constantly.

And legions of men saying such things to others give to my cars the place they hold after 26 years of car building.

It Isn't Easy

It isn't easy in these days of fierc-e competition to build a really honest car. In Reo the Fifth it means $200 more than such a car need cost.

And nearly all that extra cost is hidden. It is years, sometimes, before users learn its meaning.

Note what it means to the maker. He must have all steel made to formula. To make sure

'By R. E. Olds, Designer

of its strength he must analyze it twice.

Each driving part must be given all the strength it needs, then 50 per cent extra strength must be added.

He must use big tires — we use 34x4 — to cut down tire upkeep. He must use roller bearings — we use 15 — where common ball bear- ings cost one-fifth as much.

To escape all flaws he must use drop forgings. We use 190. He must use a $75 magneto — a doubly- heated carburetor — big brake drums, big springs.

He must test his gears in a 50- ton crusher. He must test his engines for 48 hours in many radi- cal ways.

And he must have scores of in- spectors and testers watching every part of that car.

To the User

To the user it means an almost trouble-proof car. A car with low cost of upkeep. A car that meets every strain.

A car that continues, year after year, to render perfect service. And a car that saves hundreds of

dollars in repairs, upkeep and trouble.

You get this all in Reo the Fifth, and countless users know it. And you get it at an underprice. For all this extra cost is saved by our wonderful factory efficiency.

We save 20 per cent in one way alone — by building a single model. Ever}' machine and tool in this factory is adapted to this one car.

And we make all our own parts. That's how a car such as I de- scribe can be sold at the Reo price.

New Control

This car has our new control. All the gear shifting is done by one center rod, entirely out of the way. It is done by moving this rod only three inches in each of four directions.

There are no levers to clog the way of the driver. Both brakes are operated by foot pedals. And this car, like all the leading cars, has the left side drive.

Write for our catalog and we'll direct you to the nearest Reo show- room. They are everywhere!

M. Owen & Co., General Sales Agents for Reo Motor Car Co., Lansing, Mich.

Canadian Factory, St. Catharines, Ont.

Reo the Fifth

The 1913 Series

Horsepower Wheel Base—

112 Inches Tires—

34 X 4 Inches Center Control 15 Roller

Bearings Demountable

Rims Three electric

liehts 190 Drop

Forginc* Made with

Top and windslueld not incladed in price. We equip this car with mohair top, side curtains and slip cover, windshield, gas tank (or headlights, speedometer, self-starter, extra rim and brackets— all for $100 extra (list price $170).

(Gray & Dans Electric Lighting and Starting System at on extra price, if wanted. )

"The Twin'.

^ 7 H. P. Twin Cylinder has the reserve

power that carries you at any pace over any road. Through deep mud and sand and up steep, rough hills. Wonderfully smooth running motor. Another important and unique comfort feature of the 1913 Indian is the equipment of foot-boards in addition to pedals. The latter are in reality fitted only for the purpose of starting the motor, similar to cranking an automobile. Once started, the rider has the choice of two comfortable riding positions with the double brake action and absolute control assured in each instance.

A free Demonstration from any of our 2000 dealer* throughout the country Write for free 1913 literature describing all models and improvements

o • / 4 H.P. Single, $200 1 , , _ Pnces -(7 ■^%2so] f.o.b. Factory

THE HENDEE MFG. CO., 971 State St., Springfield, Mass.

Branches and Service StatioBs: San Franci«co Toronto

Single and Double Cylinders- Burns Gasoline, Kerosene, Gas or Distillate — Simplest, Most Powerful, Reliable and Eco- nomical Engine Made. All Sizes, 11/2 to 50 H. P. We Will Trust You.

Ttae Only Engine that Has Solved the Problem of Violent Vibration

This is the famous TEMPLE whicil stands on its feet — the up-to-date Economical Engine that has won every prize contest against well known makes. PracticaUyno vibration! Explosions take place low down close to the ground whicn absorbs and does away with the shock and strain on the engine. In every other engine sxplosions occur high up, causing vio- lent vibrations that reduce life of engine. Crank Shaft over Cylinder secores perfect lubrication by gravity. Ko other engine has this! "TEMPLE", alone, has downward lubrication —hence less friction and greater power from every pint offheU

30 Days Free Trial— Easy Terms

Don't bay an Engine until you have investigated the '*TEMPLE."- Most powerful, economical, reliable, easiest starting, strongest engine built. Prove these claims by 30 days free trial test. Your credit is good. Wrife Today For Big Special Offer and Full Particulars. THE TEMPLE PUMP CO., (BO Years In Business) 100 Meagher St., Chicsgo. IB.

GUARANmD fOR 10 YEADS

FREIGHT PAID

Century House Paint, made in all colors; in 1 gallon cans; only $1.20 per gallon. Century Barn and Bool Painl, Red, Gray, or Green, 1 gallon cans only 65c per gallon. Freight paid on 6 gale, or more Co any station east of Bocky Mountains, except K, & 8. Dak Col.. K. Mex.. Tex., Okla.. Miss.. Ala.. La., Ga.. and Fla. Delivered FBEE to these statei for 5c per gallon additional. These prices gaaranteed lor 4 weeks only — order o<*r. Satis- faction guaranteed or money refunded. Century ready mixed paint looks best lasts longest.

Reference— Southern III. Nat'l. Bank. Catalog and Color Cards Free, Write today. Centory Mlg. Co.. Dept. 211 . E. Sl.Loais.Ill.orDepI 211. 290 Fiflh Ave.. New York City.

"That surely is restful tobacco**

While you are giving the team a little breathing spell, light up a pipeful of rich, fragrant Velvet — the smoothest tobacco.

It's mighty fine! The best tobacco you ever tasted.

And here is why it is so good. Velvet is made of the choicest Burley leaf — the best pipe tobacco that grows. Only the tender, ripe middle leaves are used, and these are aged and aged until not a bit of bite remains. Then it's packed in a moisture- proof tin that keeps it good.

Velvet is a smoke that will gladden the heart of any man.

Don 't go another day without this splendid tobacco. You want the best. Get Velvet.

I Garden and Orchard I

Where Strawberries are Nuggets

By George H. Dacy

Farm and Fireside. April 26, 1913

lent condition and tilth. His soil was rich in plant-food elements in consequence of generous applications of bone-meal and carefully conserved and thoroughly rotted manure. He protected his seedlings from the ravages of insect pests by intensive spraying and the use of poison baits, so that the crop matured to a bountiful luxuriance productive of large, uniformly shaped, luscious berries.

This fruit-grower kept accurate account of the expenses involved in the production of his crop, as well as the income from the sale of the berries which were marketed under the direction of the Fruit-Growers' Association. At the end of the season when he figured out his net return from the straw- berries he found that his profit amounted to $1,000 per acre, his g^oss income being $1,400 per acre.

Eight Hundred Crates per Acre

He had successfully raised eight hundred crates of berries per one hundred and sixty square rods of area, and this fruit had sold for $1.75 per crate. If the price obtained for the berries had- been as high as that recently received, namely $2.50 per crate, his gross return per acre would have been $2,000. There are many other cases of growers who have gained* a net income of $300 to $500 per acre, returns which, although not nearly so striking as the foregoing result, nevertheless indicate the wonderful possi- bilities of berry cul- ture in the Ozarks where painstaking management is prac- tised in the produc- tion and marketing of high-class berries.

Of course the fundamental key to the suc- cess of the Ozark strawberry belt is the efficient marketing organization which com- bines all the producers and enables them to place on the market a product of uniform excellence. During a full year one thou- sand car-loads of strawberries are not un- commonly shipped out from this district. There is one small town in the strawberry belt that has shipped thirty car-loads of berries a day and in excess of three hundred car-loads during the season.

The high cost of living might be reduced considerably by reducing the number of loafers that have to be fed.

NE of the larg- est strawberry centers in the world is southwestern Missouri. It annually ships out hundreds of car-loads of this fruit which commands a top price on the mar- kets. This region be- came prominent in rjl 1 , berry culture on ac- count of its favorable

. climate, its accessi-

bility to central mar- kets and its fertile soils, on which the strawberries mature into large-sized fruit.

Even with these favorable natural con- ditions the berry industry of the Ozark fruit belt would have never attained its existent prominence were it not for the organization of a co-operative marketing society which rendered possible the shipping of a product of uniform type and quality to the best markets and in consequence of obtaining for it the highest prices.

An Average of $2.50 per Crate

Last year the members of the Ozark Fruit-Growers' Association received an aver- age price of $2.50 per crate for their berries, whereas the independent producer the coun- try over was glad to market his fruit at $1.50 to $1.75 per crate. This extra high price paid for the Association berries was on account of this fruit being of a uniformly superior quality and also because it was so carefully sorted and graded.

The stamp of the Association on a box of fruit was a guarantee of its excellence. At present there are approximately one thousand Missouri strawberry-growers, who are annually producing something like eight thousand acres of berries, and who are marketing their fruit under the direction of the Association.

The average producer raises from five to ten acres of strawberries each year, in many cases he is a general farmer, poultryman or orchardist who grows the berries merely because they constitute an excellent cash crop to be produced as a side-line. Prac- tically all the soil upon which these berries are produced is of a loose or sandy loam origin. These soils, in the main, are virgin in nature, being in cut-over areas atrd ac- cordingly especially rich in humus. The berries are grown on a given piece of land only once every five or six years, other crops being used in rotation.

In some cases it is necessary to apply phosphoric acid to the strawberry soil in the form of raw rock phosphate or bone- meal after the first crop is produced, but, aside from this and the use of well-rotted stable manure, no resort has to be made to artificial fertilization. In case the land is not stony, it is necessary to mulch the crop with wheat-straw in order to conserve soil moisture and to insure vigorous and rapid growth of the young strawberry plants.

Stones as a Useful Mulch

Peculiar as it may seem, the stones and small rocks which are so prevalent in the Ozark districts are beneficial, in that they rapidly absorb heat and radiate it to the soil, while in a simi- lar manner they con- serve soil moisture by preventing wasteful surface evaporation, as they form a pro- tective covering over the land. Of course if the stones are ex- tremely numerous they are detrimental to strawberry culture, but where care is used in selecting the

berry site this condition rarely occurs.

Throughout this berry belt the profits obtained annually by the growers are very attractive, the average range being a gross return of from $100 to $300 per acre. A man can gain a pleasant and profitable liveli- hood from his $100 per acre crop, as the cost of production is not at all exorbitant in the case of the berry crop. There is a notable example of one experienced grower who recently conducted an experiment on his home berry-patch to ascertain just how large a profit it was possible to obtain per acre.

This producer used the best and most vigorous of plants for his sets and started thcni in a well-prepared secd-bcd of excel-

« Reduced to its lowest terms, good farming is good reading, %

{ good thinking and good work $

^^^0^00^0^(9 l|^^^(Q)(Q)^^<|J^^^<|^l9^0l|D<Q><99*9 000000 000000 0000000000000

Making Over an Old Orchard

By Wm. J. Coop)er

ABOUT ten years ago I bought a small place on which there was about two acres of old orchard. The trees were neglected and iintrimmed. and where some had died or had blown down the ground had been left vacant, and the orchard had been unplowed for years. The season before I bought it, it did not produce enough fruit to pay to gather.

Neighbors said it would never pay to bother with. The only thing to do, in fact, was to cut it down. Now I reasoned that it took a long time to grow an orchard, and I was getting older every year, so I decided to experiment with it for a time at least.

Beginning about the first of March, I gave it a very thorotigh and scientific trimming, I say scientific in that I tried to trim according to the rules laid down by successful fruit- growers in our latitude. This is important, for ignorant trimming of an orchard is likely to do more harm than good, and the trimming of an orchard does not mean necessarily cutting the orchard all to pieces.

I did not put any manure on the orchard, as I did not believe it was needed. Early in the spring I plowed it deep and hired a man to spade around the trees where the plow could not go. I then harrowed it down very thoroughly.

I did not put any crop on the orchard that season. Instead I harrowed it at periods, keeping it cultivated all summer.

I sprayed three times, the first time in March, which was the most thorough one of all. The trunks as well as all the limbs were saturated. I sprayed again in May just as the blossoms began to fall, and again about the middle of August.

I did not thin at all ; it did not need it. There were about eighty trees in all. and I picked 175 barrels of good apples, for which I got $1.85 per barrel. I also sold enough culls and cider stock to bring the total re- ceipts of that old orchard to over $400.

It has not done so well every year, but I have never been without apples to use any season, and several seasons I did better than I did the first season. I have come to the conclusion that any healthy old orchard of the proper varieties can be put on a profit- able basis when intelligently handled. Lots of these old orchards can be picked up in the older parts of the country.

^^i'ain Wl th ai; (durable; .weather -jjri^^

Spraying Currants for Worms

By T. Greiner

/^URRANT-WORMS are very destruc- ^ live if let alone. Do not let them alone, for it is easy to control them. Buy some white hellebore powder. Every drug- gist keeps it. Use about a tablespoonful to the bucket of water.

Load your sprayer — knapsack, compressed air, or whatever sprayer it may be — and spray. Do this as soon as the first signs of worms are noticed. Delay means danger, perhaps destruction of crop. Dusting the dew-wet bushes with hellebore powder will also give relief. So will spraying with any spray liquid in which a little arsenate of lead has been mixed. Whatever you do, or use, act promptly, and be thorough.

Soils That Will Grow Asparagus

By M. Roberts Conover

ASPARAGUS depends upon its extensive root system for its rapid growth, and as these roots are succulent, tender and grow rapidly when young, a light, friable soil offering little resistance to their extension is necessary.

Soil that is actually wet most of the time will not maintain healthy roots. The as- paragus-root has not the equipment of large air-cells which belong to aquatic plants, insuring to their tissues a supply of air, hence asparagus-roots will decay under such conditions.

Whether the soil be red, black or yellow, the essential thing is a certain proportion of sand, insuring ready drainage. Some very fine asparagus is grown upon red soil and also upon soil that appears almost black after a rain. Those soils whose blackness, yellowness or redness is due to clay should not be used. The soil cannot be judged entirely by its color or by its mechanical composition, but by its action after a heavy rain. Clayey soils unfit for asparagus stay packed, and sandy soils are loose. That is the difference.

In preparing for the asparagus-bed. the soil should be of mealy character below the 'level of the roots. Previous tillage and deep plowing should precede asparagus-planting.

On the other hand, soil that is too dry is a severe test upon the roots in dry weather, hence it is necessary to have some moisture-holding material in the soil. Com- post or the rotting foliage of some cover crop meets the need best, insuring protection against the injurious effect of dry weather later in summer.

Poison-ivy

Do You Know Poison- Ivy?

By C. M. Weed

TN MANY locali- ties poison-ivy is permitted to mul- tiply along walls and highways un- molested. Yet it is a real menace to the health of many peo- ple and causes great suffering, especially to children. There may be some excuse for leaving it in out-of-the- way places, but it should certainly be ex- terminated near houses and public roads.

Poison-ivy is readily known by the three characteristic leaflets on each leaf. Their form is well shown in the illustration. The only vine with which they are likely to become confused is the Virginia creeper, or woodbine, which is sometimes called the ivy. But this plant has five leaflets to each leaf.

The Difference in the Fruit

The fruits of these two plants also differ greatly. Those of poison-ivy are grayish white and only about as large as a small pea. Those of the Virginia creeper are deep black and much larger.

The botanists clas- sify the forms of poison-ivy into three distinct species, but these all look alike to the man who wants to be rid of them. One kind climbs trees by means of sucker-like rootlets sent out from the woody, stem. Another trails along the ground and sends up erect branches.

Many people seem absolutely immune to its poison. Others are immune at most

Virginia creeper

times, but may be susceptible during hot weather, when they are perspiring freely. Others cannot safely go near the leaves or stems at any time.

The only effective way to get rid of poison-ivy is to pull it up and burn it, root and branch. The best time to pull it up is in the spring when the ground has thawed out and the leaves have not developed. At this time, if you are immune and will wear gloves as an additional precaution, you can do a lot of good in a short time by pulling and piling the ivy. If not immune yourself hire someone who is.

This is a matter of community interest. Get the local grange, improvement society or woman's club interested, and have the entire neighborhood made safer in this respect.

Spraying Grape- Vines

By T. Greiner

READER asks about spraying grape- vines for San Jose scale. This insect attacks a good many different trees and plants, but I have never seen any on my grapes. I must spray for mildew and black rot more than for any insect that attacks the grape. The berry-worm gives trouble sometimes. The spraying for grape diseases that I have usually found most effective is that on the dormant wood, posts, wires, etc., in early spring, with an almost saturated solution of common green or iron copperas, or with copper-sulphate solution, say one pound to fifty or one hundred gallons of water. This should be. followed by later sprayings with Bordeaux mixture.

Keep the foliage covered with Bordeaux, and you will have little trouble from rot or mildew. If grape leaf-hoppers give trouble, spray along in July, or whenever you see little yellowish wingless insects (the nymphs) on the under side of the lower leaves, with Bordeaux mixture to which some tobacco extract has been added. If other insects like rose-chafer are present, arsenate of lead, eight pounds to one hundred gallons and a little cheap molasses, may also be added, thus making a general-purpose spray. Just before making this spray, in the second week of July, remove the suckers from lower part of the plants, which will remove also the greater part of the nymphs and eggs.

Certain-teed

(Quality Cert-ified — Durability Guaran-(ee</)

RooBng in Rolls and Shingles

It' s the best you can buy. Look for the Certain-teed label of quality and 15- year wear guarantee on every roll an derate of shingles. Ask your dealer for prices — he can save you money.

Get Our New Book —

"Modem Building Ideas and Plans" — It would

ordinarily sell for SI, but as it shows the various uses of Certain-teed Roofing, we will send it to you for 2Sc — or you can get it FREE from your lumber, hard- ware or building material dealer.

General Roofing Mfg. Co.

York. Pa. MiimeapolU

GeneraJ Roofing

The World's largest

mSDiif sctarer of Boofinss and Build- ms Papers

E. St. Louis. lU. S&n Francisco

ManeiUes, 10. Winnip^, Can.

iUGHTNING ROD!

9c PER FOOT

Best Quality Copper— Extra Heavy Cable

A better condoctor than reqoired by In- Borance Companies. System complete witb full directions for installing. No agents. You get wholesale price. Buy Direct— On Trial— Freight Prepaid Pay after yon are satisfied. Our Rods are secorely protecting thoasands of farm homes and will protect yoors. Write postal for FREE book on lightning protection. Tells plainly just the facts you will be inter- ested in. Ask for it today.

Tbo J. A. Scott Companyl

Dept. F2, Detroit, MichT^

Deere Implements,

John Deere Wagons

No other implement on the farm ia used as much as the wagon. Nothing is more abused. Consequently the wagon should have the quality to withstand this usage.

John Deere Wagons are built of oak and hickory — the best material known for wagon making. They stand up under the most severe tests, and give the satisfaction you want.

John Deere Ironclad Wagons

A booklet that gives you valu- able pointers on how to buy a wagon, and other interesting articles that you should know about. See lower right band corner of ad. and see how "to get the books you want."

Dain Hay Tools

John Deere Disc Harrows and Corn Planters

This spring pressure harrow pulverizes your soil thoroughly and puts it in condition to grow the biggest crop you ever raised. The extraordinary fleri- bility of John Deere Disc Harrows due to spring pressure, insures thorough cul- tivation of your entire field. It leaves small middles and cuts out dead furrows.

John Deere Com Planters

The great accuracy of drop is what nat- '^j urally interests you most. John Deere Planters give the highest accuracy of drop attainable. Repeated tests show ten to fifteen bushel per acre in favor of accurate planting. You profit by the increased yield due to perfect stand, by additional years of service and freedom from break down.

Bigger Crops from Better Seed Beds and More and Better Com Two books that will prove a great help to you in the prepa- ration of your land for seed, and the planting of corn. These books contain valuable suggestions by men who are experienced on those subjects. "To get the books you want," see lower right hand comer of ad.

Use Dain Hay Tools and put up your hay quicker, better and more economiceilly than with any other hay tools.

The Dain Hay Loader is easy to oper- ate. Simple construction, few parts, nothing to get out of order. Material and work- manship of the known Dain standard, proven by service to be reliable and trust- worthy. Ask your John Deere Dealer about the Dain line.

Dain Hay Loader and Side Delivery Rake ^^'jo-jf-t

^these toolstohandle yotir hay rapid- ^ ly and economically. Should you want information about other Dain hay tools, tell us which tool you are interested in. Seejower right hand cor- ner of ad. how "to get the books you want."

Davenport Roller Bearing Steel Wagons

Reduces the draft; makes your haul- ing easy; the roller bearings do that. Haul larger loads, make fewer trips.

save time. Your time is worth money to you.

You do the same work with one horse less; if you now use three horses you will only need two; if you use four, three will do the work.

No repair bills to pay; no tires to reset; the Davenport Roller Bearing Steel Wagon is practically everlasting. The first cost is the only cost.

The steel spokes don't pick up and carry the mud like wooden spokes; they cut through it.

Ask to see the Davenport wagon at your John Deere Dealer's.

When The Going is Hard

Containing twenty-six articles wagons.^ Tells you why the dish is put into the wooden wheels and other things you should know about. It is interesting and you'll like it. Lower right hand corner of ad. tells how "to get the books you want."

Better Farm Implements and How to Use Them illustrates and describes the most complete line of farm implements made. TeUs when and how to use them under varying conditions — answers questions about farm machinery and is a practical encyclopedia for the farm. It is worth dollars to you. You can't afford to be without it. Write today for "Better Farm Implements and How to Use Them.'!

John Deere Plow Company, Moline, 111.

Branches and Dealers Everywhere

R CS, V "Triumph" Gasolene Engines

Popular Farm Power

Develop even more than rated horse- power. Easily started, smooth-running, dependable. Economical in use of fuel.

Speed easily increased or decreased. Best type of magneto on the market. Portable and stationary engines.

WeU Buflt Durable Neat

R & V "Triumph" Engines can be fur- nished in sizes 1 to 12-hp., with the hopper- cooling system. This cooling system does away with tank, pump, piping and fittings, malang a neat, compact engine noted for its good working qualities. No air-cooled engine troubles to contend with.

Letting Gasolene Do It

Tells you how to lessen your work every day of the week, and every season of the year. Get this book and see how your work can be made easier, at the s-me time saving you money. Lower right hand comer of ad, tells you how "to get the books you want." .

"To Get the Books YouWant"

Write to us at once stating which books you want, and they will be mailed free. To be sure that you get a copy of "Better Farm Implements and How to Use Them" ask us for Package No. X 71.

Farm and Fireside, April 26, 19 1 3

The Sulky with the Steel Frame and the Patent Auto Foot-Shift

A Two-TTay Sulky Plow with a steel frame — a great imjH'ovement in two- way plows. Something you have never seen before.

Strong, neat in appearaace, all st*el and malleable, — not cumbersome east

iron, no surplus weight and the lightest draft sulky ever built.

Notice the patent atrto foot-shift pedals in the ilhistration below. They

operate like the foot pedals of an automobile. Press the foot pedal; tiafs all yon do to shift the bottoms. Or. if yon choose, do it with the hand lerer.

He John Deere Two-Way Plow is always in balance, whether operated

by man or boy.

Some of the Good Things About the John Deere Two-Way Plow

1. steel Frame

Makes plow strong, light draft, neat in appearance and durable, a. Steel Arch

Special channel steel, one of the strongest shapes into which steel is rolled. 3. An Steel and MaHeable

Practically unbreakable. You can pound any part of it with a hammer. 4^ jMne JCaUeable Beam daxape

Hitch can be raised or lowered as desired.

5. Slat Steel Levers

Handy, easy to operate, positive, strong.

6. Jjong Frame

.\jways in p«fect balance, whether used by man or boy.

7. Long Hange Shift

Our patent auto foot shift operates easily.

It is really apower shift when plowis in motion. Most perfect and convenient foot shift ever iDvented.

8. ClilUed,^teeI, or Combination ChfTled and

Steel Bott oms Can be fitted with bottoms for any soil and to work under ail conditions.

9. Removable Sibin Pieces Easy to take oS and replace.

10. Wide Truck

Staunch on hillside work. Steady running.

11. FootXdft

Plow always under control of feet — ^handsfree to control the team.

12. Made in the East for Eastern Conditionfl By men who have made eastern soils and the

plows best suited for them, a life's work.

Let us tell goa mme about the John Deere Ttoa-Way Plow. Don't btcy a pioie

nntil you know aU about this one. Just write us saying you are iTiterested

Get This Book Free

Better Farm Implements and How to Use Them.'' fells how t<J adjust and farm implements nder varying condi- tions- It has apraeti- al ency clopedi a f or the farm. Write at once; to be sure that you gef'BetterFarm Implements and How to Use Them," ask for Package No. TW 71

John Deere Plow Co.

Moline, Illinois

Branches and Dealers Everywhere

A Leading Woman's Magazine

The Woman's World is, without doubt, the best magazine ever printed for the money; in fact, is superior to many magazines selling for more than this. It is not only attractive in appearance, but Its columns are full of the choicest literar- ture that money can buy. The contents fA the Woman's World are selected with a view of entertaining and educating its reaflf rs. It is a big value at a low price. Kvt-ry farmer in the country shoula taJce this opportunity of obtaining the Woman's Wrrrld without cost in connec- tion with Farm and Fireside. You can get the leading medium-priced woman's publication for one whole year without cost by extending your own subscription to Farm and FiBEPTDK ono year. Farm and Fireside, one year J

regular price 50 cent* ' B«(k for

Woman's World, one year [ SO cents

regular price 35 cmU '

Send your order at once to

FARM AND FIRESIDE

Sprin^ield, Ohio

DO YOUR OWN THRESHING

Every year individual threshing Is beeomfn^ more popular. More grain better cleaned and no dan- serous delay waiting for merchant thresher. Onr Farquhar Rake Separator is especiaJiy designed for producing thorough ser\ice at mininnim operating expense. Fewest possible parts, runs sTiooth and rejriilar, eveT provision for clean threshing of ail grams. We earnestJy solicit In- vestigatton. Farquhar Threshers stand all tests- Three styles— 20 to 40 inch cylinders. Also Saw UiUs, Engines, Boilers, Gas Fpe:^"^'' Write for new catalog.

A. B. FASaUHAR Ce^ Ud. B«x 516, Tork* Pa.

It is to your advantage to mention Farm and Fireside in writing to ad- vertisers. Farm and Fireside folks get the very best results.

I GARDENING ^

I By T. Greiner

Fertilizers for Sweet and Irish Pot a toes

SWEET potatoes are the one crop for which I prefer bill mannring to broad- cast applicatitin. no matter whether tarm manores or commercial fertilizers are to be used.

Stable mannre is also good. For a sandy loam that is fairly well supplied with vege- table matter or hnmus any honestly com- po'jnded complete fertilizer having two or more per cent, nitrogen, about eight phos- phoric acid and six or eight potash may be e3q>ected to give good restilts.

For the best mode of application, either of this fertilizer or of farm mannre, open deep furrows, aud scatter the mannre or fertilizer into the furrows where the hiUs will be. Then mix it w^ell with the soil. Ridge up the furrows, and set your plants.

A similar method of manuring may be used for Irish potatoes. iianure or fer- tilizers should, however, be mixed thoror^hly in the bottom of the furrows with the soil, by running the furrowing blade or similar tool once more in the bottom of furrow, then planting the potatoes and covering them. Sometimes I use four htmdred pounds of acid phosphate and two hundred pounds of sulphate of potash to the acre in this way.

Lima Beans for Winter

Lrraa beans are never so good as when freshly gathered in the immature stage and at once prepared for the table. Then they are delicious and a treat. WTien shelled, fresh from the Tines, in that stage, and prop- erly canned, they are still quite palatable, more so than when merely dried. A moder- ate amount of canned Limas will come handy next winter. Be sure they are young and freshly gathered and shelled when you put them up. The cans with spring covers are best. Sterilize them by boiUng. Fill with the beans and cold water, set the cans in a boiler on a false bottom, and boil one hotir. Take out. and at once tighten the covers. Next day slightly loosen the covet, and boil another hour, again tightening the cover on removal. Boil again for one hour on next day. Remove to cooi. wrap can in paper, and put in a cool dark place. Some persons have good success by boiling only once for three hours. Dry ripe Limas may be gathered and stored like any other pole- bean, and cooked in winter jitsf as common beans are cooked. They are. however, a different thing from the fresh green Lima.

Storing Carrots and Pumpkins

Carrots and pumpkins cannot be put in the same class for storage. Pumpkins re- quire a higher temperature and a drier atmosphere to keep well. The best way to keep pumpkins in the fresh state is by put- ting them on shelves where the temperature is from fifty to sixty degrees Fahrenheit. But they can also be cut and dried, or cooked as for pies and canned.

Carrots should be stored in a regular root- house, or in a smaller way in bins or boxes in an ordrnary cool cellar.

Nebraska friend to undertake such work. Good, strong grape-vines can be bought from any reliable nurseryman for a few cents apiece, and if planted in suitable soil and location, and properly taken care of. may be expected to give a few clusters even as early as the second year from planting, a half-crop the third year and a good crop year after year after that. This course would probably lead more surely to success, and to the enjoyment o£ good grapes, than the proposed plan of top-working wild grapes.

For an E^rly Strawberry

A good early berry is the newly intro- duced Ozark. It really leaves little to be desired in a first-early strawberry. It is as early as any we ever had. It is large in siae, high in color and quality, and the plant is prolific and produces runners freely.

If yon do not have it now. try to secure some early potted plants, and put them out as early as you can get well-rooted potted plants. I shall pot my own supply, using paper or wooden plant-boxes and a good black (mucky) soil in which to let the run- ners strike root.

For Success, Feed

We should not imagine that we can raise celery on any kind of soil or with any kind of mannring. The more than sixty thou- sand celery-plants on one acre require a lot of food and a lot of water. Muck-lands furnish the moisture from below, as that soil, being composed mostly of decayed and decaying vegetable matter, acts very much like a sponge in absorbing and retaining water.

Even then irrigation from the top is found useftil and beneficial in a dry season. Food should be furnished in abundance, also in annual applications of from one to two tons per acre of high-grade complete fertilizer. On our upland loams, whether more or less sandy, or somewhat clayey, our first con- cern, in order to fit them for growing celery, must be to fill them with vegetable matter, either by the lavish use of stable manure or by plowing down clover or similar crops, which win increase the water-holding ca- pacity of the land. We must also resort to artificial irrigation in a dry time.

Unless stable manure of the best kind is used freely, heavy applications of fertilizers will also be required, and may be as neces- sary as on the muck-lands. With these requirements properly looked after, we can raise as big crops of celery on our strong upland loams, and even on the thin sandy soils, just as well as on muck-lands.

Grafting or Budding Grapes

A Nebraska lady reader tells me that she has some nice wild-grape vines which she would like to bud or graft to good culti- vated varieties, and asks me how it is done, and at what time of year, and whether this top-working is nsnally done by biidding or grafting.

Persons of some experience sometimes graft old grape-vines of inferior varieties to other more desirable varieties, but this is always a particular job and not an easy thing to do. The best method, no doubt, is to cut the old stock down in early spring, several inches below the surface of the ground, then split the stub and insert one or two cuttings or scions of the variety wanted, each with three buds. Cut the lower end, just below the lowest bud. in the shape of a wedge, and insert this firmly into the split stock. Sometimes special tools are used in this operation. It can be done with saw and knife, however. No wax is to be used. The stock and scions are then cov- ered with earth. I would hardly advise our

The Re<i- Winged Blackbird

By H. W. Weisgerber TPHE robin and bluebird have enjoyed the distinction of being the true harbingers of spring, in the public press, for so many years that it is about time that some of the minor poets should be heard from and given credit for being early on the ground.

The first-noted worthies have succeeded in drawing attention to themseh es because they go to town to "shop" on the front lawns and trade in the "departments" of the gar- den, and thns people see them and then re- port their observations to the editor — and so the robin and bluebird get their names in the paper, without doing anything worth while to themselves or to the world at large.

TTie birds, and likewise the farmers, the real worthies and workers thai protect the

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food of the world and gather it for the in- habitants thereof, are the ones of whom not much is said ; yet they are the real saviors.

And so. as soon as oar ^ring month of .\pril is ushered in, there come the com- panies of male redwings that always settle their differences in loud and noisy "con- gresses." TTiey do not come to town and talk from the housetops, and therefore their arrival is not reported in the public press. But the farmer knows of their presence, and so, no doubt, welcomes their coming, for it means that spring, with summer at its heels, is at hand.

Where their numbers are excessive, they are, no doubt, provoking ; but it should be remembered that "nea rly seven eighths of their food is made up of weed-seeds or of insects injurious to agriculture, indicating that the bird should be protected.

^///////Mmmmmr///jmm^

I Live Stock and Dairy

Developing the High Butter- Producing Cow

How It is Done at Meridale Farms By W. H. Jenkins

FARMERS want a cow that has a capacity for five hundred pounds of butter-fat in one year. It can be done, and is being done. Breeding, feeding and environment have given her the power to produce milk yielding that much butter-fat and still maintain her constitutional vigor. A cow bred for butter-fat production can produce about three times as much butter- fat from a liberal, well-balanced ration as the average cow when she is given full opportunity to do her best. If the milk from the average cow of the butter breeds manufactured into butter and by-products of the milk is worth $75 in one year, the

Yearling heifer that bred to pcoduce 500 [lounds of butter-fat annually

milk from the cow with a five-hundred- pound butter-fat record is worth $225, and if . she is a pure-bred cow her calf when weaned from the milk food is worth at least from $50 to $100 more, making the gross receipts from the cow close to $300.

It is evident that one of the best ways to learn how to breed and develop the five- hundred-pound cow is to go where such cows are bred and developed. This is what the writer did. I went to T. M. Ware, Superintendent of the Meridale Farms, Delaware County. New York.

I said to Mr. Ware, "How would you begin to get the five-hundred-pound butter- fat, or the ten-thousand-pound milk-produc- ing cow ?"

He said, "To start just right, I would want her sired by a sire from a cow that had the milking habit, also I would want the mother of this cow similarly sired and the farther back this line of breeding had been carried the better. These dams should have given a good quantity of milk that contained a high per cent, of fat and were persistent milkers, of good size, with a good constitu- tion and of strong vitality."

"How would you feed and care for the cow during the time of pregnancy?"

"She should be fed so she is strong and in good flesh, but not liberally on concen-

This cow has a 500-pound butter-fat record and is the mother of promising calves

Irated foods such as cottonseed or corn meal. Near the time of calving feed largely bran, roots and other succulent foods."

"Having a strong, healthy calf as the re- sult of causes mentioned,'' I continued, "how would you feed the calf for its best development?"

"First," he said, "we let the calf suck the cow two or three times. For the first three or four weeks we feed the calf three times a day as much new milk as it can digest well, then for three or four weeks more gradually substitute skim-milk for the whole milk and add to it a little oil-meal. When the calf is fully on skim-milk, it is given, besides all the hay it will eat, also a mixture of dry ground grains."

Later I saw how the calves were housed. A large, warm, light, sanitary barn was di- vided into stalls, and in each three or four calves were kept. The calves that were five or six months old were turned out on pas- ture during summer and on pleasant days, but all calves were sheltered during cold, stormy weather. Mr. Ware told me that

skim-milk was usually fed until the calves were one year old, and all the time they were fully fed on grains and green feed so as to get a full, natural development. He said that calves should always eat some dry hay to counteract the effects of such watery foods as milk and grass. The utmost care was taken to prevent germ diseases by steril- izing all the feeding-vessels. Their only loss was from cholera in the young calf.

"Now," I said, "tell me how you feed the yearling heifer."

"Well," he said, "we feed her on the same lines as the calf ; namely, we try to keep her growing all the time. In the summer she has good pasture, generally with a little grain. In winter, clover, mixed hay and ensilage are fed with sufficient grain to keep her in good growing condition all the time. The wheat feeds such as bran are especially good for the growing animal."

"How soon would you have the heifer drop her first calf?"

"I would prefer she should be nearer three years old than two, for she should be nearly mature. She will make a better cow."

It was evident that Mr. V/are has got his heifers well started ; now all he has to do is to keep them growing and developing normally by feeding and caring for them about the same as milch cows until fully matured at four or five years. Then yearly records and tests will show their capacity for production of butter-fat.

All of them may not come up to fi\ e hun- dred pounds of butter-fat. but he will get many more by such scientific breeding, feed- ing and housing than by careless methods, and he will get very few average cows.

Having bred and developed a cow with a capacity for making five hundred pounds of butter-fat, or giving ten thousand pounds of milk in one year, she may not do so unless she is rightly fed, housed and cared for. so we must take in consideration the questions of nutrition, sanitation, and handling, if we are working for maximum production.

At Meridale Farms the cows are fed a fairly . balanced, palatable and succulent ration. In the winter it is corn-silage, al- falfa, clover and mixed hay with a liberal grain ration to balance the roughage. The amount is regulated according to the capac- ity of the cow. In summer the ration is

A skim-milk calf that shows the result of good care and feed

good pasture, with sufficient grain and soil- ing' crops to keep th.e cow fully fed all the time-. The cows are handled so carefully and gently that they are always kept quiet, and never disturbed in a way that hinders the secretion or flow of milk. Many cows in the Meridale herd were so like pets that you could handle them without a halter.

The requisites I have mentioned have re- sulted in a herd of three hundred cows at Meridale Farms, with a yearly average of close to five hundred pounds of butter-fat. When one has developed a cow with the five-hundred-pounds capacity, to keep her up to this high production it is almost necessary to weigh her milk every day, then any fall- ing off from her normal capacity shows she has not been rightly fed and cared for and will lead to a study of keeping her up.

Markets for Sweet Cream

By Maurice Floyd

(N FARMS where a hand separator is used, more money can often be obtained by selling sweet cream to hotels, confection- ers and ice-cream makers than by selling sour cream to the creamery. Of course, it is more trouble to market sweet cream than sour, as the product must be taken to mar- ket oftener, and care must be exercised to keep the cream perfectly sweet, but where the market is not too far away, all these difficulties can be met nicely.

Ice-cream manufacturers desire a thin cream, testing about eighteen per cent, fat, and this of course leaves less skim-milk on the farm than when a high-test cream is marketed, but the better price received for the sweet cream is usually enough to pay for this and the extra trouble.

On our local market at Beeville, Texas, the price paid for sweet cream is more than double the price of sour cream, but of course this price is somewhat abnormal on account of strictly local conditions ; however, on most markets the price is about forty per cent, above the creamery quotations.

It is no part of the cow's obligation to be ashamed of it if she fails to pay a profit on the cost of her keep, but it is a reproach to the owner who keeps her.

How do you handle your milk?

^RE you getting every cent, per quart, out of your daily millcing? It's all a matter of method. When you know that you are disposing of your J. \.dairj- products in the most profitable way — only then can you take the interest in your dairy that will make it a complete success. Make a comparison by actual figiu-es of your present dairj' earnings and what they would be with a

TUBUUAR REAM SEPARATOl

This is easy to do. There is a Sharpies agent near you who can quickly bring the facts down to a basis of dollars and cents. . Have a talk with him.

He will demonstrate the Sharpies to j'ou — the unequaled skir^ming power of its wonderful tubular bowl — the bowl that has only 3 simple parts, which naturally makes the washing and cleaning a very simple matter.

To buy a Sharpies is not an expense. You simply apply your money to a most profitable investment so that you make it over and over again, year after year.

And the Sharpies name is your bond — as it has been for hundreds of thousands of farmers and dairymen for 32 years.

Write for our Separator hterature. And if you do not know our nearest agent, mention the fact in your request.