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2-nonanone

fruity ketone Key food odorant

Found in 154 ingredients across the CompKitchen flavor graph.

Look up another compound — search by name, CAS number, PubChem CID, or FEMA #.

2D Lewis structure of 2-nonanone
2D Lewis Structure
Formula
C9H18O
Molecular weight
142.24 g/mol
PubChem CID
13187 — full record on PubChem

Key food odorant (individualist)

Dunkel et al. 2014

Identified in the meta-analysis of 227 food samples as one of 151 individualist odorants — appears in <5% of foods, carries the diagnostic signature of specific ingredients.

Source: Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2014, 53, 7124–7143

Properties

Odor description
fruity, floral, green, hot milk, soapy
Odor threshold — orthonasal, in clean water
102 ppb 2 published values · see all 6 with sources
Volatility
high
CAS number
821-55-6
Retention index
1096
Regulatory · United States

FEMA GRAS — Generally Recognized As Safe for flavoring use

✓ Exact match
FEMA number
None
GRAS publication
GRAS 2
FEMA primary name
2-Nonanone

Use-level matrix not extracted for this substance — check the source publication for current ppm guidance.

Source: FEMA GRAS publications 1-33.

How this molecule is described

Sources disagree about odour more often than they disagree about chemistry. Rather than show one answer, here is every description on file with how many ingredient records carry it.

Descriptions on file

Ordered by how many independent descriptor streams give each wording, then by how often it appears. The bar is still replication — one source copied onto many ingredients scores high there — so the two can disagree.

fruity, floral, coconut Flavornet Cas, Flavornet Name, Flavordb Odor Column 3 sources agree
—
earthy, fishy, fresh, green, herbal, hot milk, soap, soapy, sweet, weedy FlavorDB 2.0
97
green fruity, dairy, cheesy, buttery FlavorDB 2.0
48
fresh sweet green weedy earthy herbal FlavorDB 2.0
4
fruity FlavorDB 2.0
1
citrus FlavorDB 2.0
1

Bars are the share of ingredient records carrying each description. High agreement means the sources replicate each other — not necessarily that they are right.

Published thresholds

6 measured values from the literature. Grouped by what was actually measured — a threshold smelled in clean water, tasted in the mouth, or measured in a real food are three different quantities and are not pooled.

Orthonasal, in clean water

102 ppb

The reference measurement — smelled in water. OAV is computed against this.

Threshold Matrix Source Paper
102 ppb water_odor Leffingwell —
102 ppb SIDA water Rychlik 1998 · 2 studies —

In a food matrix

0.516 ppb – 154 ppb

Measured in a real food, where the matrix shifts detection — not a clean-water value.

Threshold Matrix Source Paper
0.516 ppb water (food: cheese) Literature corpus —
11.0 ppb water (food: fish) Literature corpus —
154 ppb water (food: unknown) Literature corpus —

In air

5.5 ppb

Airborne detection — not comparable to a water threshold.

Threshold Matrix Source Paper
5.5 ppb air (C2_cometto_muniz_abraham) Cometto-Muñiz (PMC) —

Only values we can attribute are listed. Where a compendium's licence does not permit public attribution its figures are omitted here, so every number on this page traces to a citable source.

Where you'd actually smell it

Odor Activity Value = measured concentration ÷ odor threshold (102.5 ppb, the engine's canonical value — see the 6 published values). OAV ≥ 1 = perceptible.

Food Concentration (ppb) OAV Source
vinegar 460.0 4.49 Corpus paper
fish 2.0 0.02 —
cheese 0.0 0.00 —

Concentrations from PubMed Central Open Access papers (free literature corpus, MIT-style licensed). Copper = OAV ≥ 10 (strongly perceptible). Green = OAV ≥ 1 (perceptible).

Found in

Measured impact first, then profile share

Every ingredient known to contain 2-nonanone. Ingredients with a measured concentration come first, ranked by odour activity; the rest follow by how large a share of that ingredient's profile this molecule is. The figure beside each is how many different compounds that ingredient has in total — not the concentration of 2-nonanone in it. Full concentrations are in the OAV table above.

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