beta-ionone

floral ketone

Found in 113 ingredients across the CompKitchen flavor graph.

Look up another compound — search by name, CAS number, PubChem CID, or FEMA #.

2D Lewis Structure

Formula: C13H20O
Molecular weight: 192.30 g/mol
PubChem CID: 26955 — full record on PubChem

Properties

Odor description: violet, floral, raspberry
Odor threshold — orthonasal, in clean water: 0.254 ppb 1 published value · see all 11 with sources
Volatility: medium
CAS number: 14901-07-6
Retention index: 1481

Regulatory · United States

FEMA GRAS — Generally Recognized As Safe for flavoring use

~ Likely match

FEMA number: 4144
GRAS publication: GRAS 22
FEMA primary name: beta-Ionone epoxide

Reported use levels (ppm by food category)

Typical vs maximum reported addition levels in finished food. Use as a regulatory ceiling reference — verify against the current GRAS publication for your product category.

Food category	Typical (ppm)	Maximum (ppm)
baked goods	3	15
breakfast cereal	2	10
cheese	2	10
condiments/ relishes	5	25
egg products	2	10
fats/oils	2	10
fish products	3	15
frozen dairy	5	25
fruit ices	1	5
other grains	3	15
processed fruits	1	5
soft candy	2	10

Source: FEMA GRAS publications 1-33.

How this molecule is described

Sources disagree about odour more often than they disagree about chemistry. Rather than show one answer, here is every description on file with how many ingredient records carry it.

Also filed as

4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2-one

Same molecule, unified here — previously counted and displayed as separate compounds.

Descriptions on file

Ordered by how many independent descriptor streams give each wording, then by how often it appears. The bar is still replication — one source copied onto many ingredients scores high there — so the two can disagree.

violet, floral, raspberry shown above Flavornet Cas, Flavornet Name, Flavordb Odor Column 3 sources agree

—

dry, floral, flower, jam, orange, orris, powdery, raspberry, seaweed, violet, woody FlavorDB 2.0

violet FlavorDB 2.0

floral, fruity FlavorDB 2.0

honey-like FlavorDB 2.0

floral, sweet, sweet aroma FlavorDB 2.0

Bars are the share of ingredient records carrying each description. High agreement means the sources replicate each other — not necessarily that they are right.

Published thresholds

11 measured values from the literature. Grouped by what was actually measured — a threshold smelled in clean water, tasted in the mouth, or measured in a real food are three different quantities and are not pooled.

Orthonasal, in clean water

0.254 ppb

The reference measurement — smelled in water. OAV is computed against this.

Threshold	Matrix	Source	Paper
0.254 ppb SIDA	water	Rychlik 1998 · 2 studies	—

In a food matrix

0.021 ppb – 11.8 ppb

Measured in a real food, where the matrix shifts detection — not a clean-water value.

Threshold	Matrix	Source	Paper
0.021 ppb	water (food: green tea infusion (jingshan cha))	Literature corpus	24402202
0.021 ppb	water (food: longjing green tea infusion)	Literature corpus	24402202
0.140 ppb	water (food: grape)	Literature corpus	24402202
0.200 ppb	water (food: beef vegetable gravy)	Literature corpus	24402202
0.200 ppb	water (food: pork vegetable gravy)	Literature corpus	24402202
0.850 ppb	water (food: tomato)	Literature corpus	24402202
3.5 ppb	water (food: reference standard (water))	Literature corpus	24402202
3.5 ppb	water (food: goat milk)	Literature corpus	24402202
11.0 ppb	water (food: soy sauce)	Literature corpus	24402202
11.8 ppb	water (food: unknown)	Literature corpus	24402202

Only values we can attribute are listed. Where a compendium's licence does not permit public attribution its figures are omitted here, so every number on this page traces to a citable source.

Where you'd actually smell it

Odor Activity Value = measured concentration ÷ odor threshold (0.55175 ppb, the engine's canonical value — see the 11 published values). OAV ≥ 1 = perceptible.

Food	Concentration (ppb)	OAV	Source
tomato	1.2	2.21	Corpus paper
soybean sauce	0.6	1.09	—
grape	0.2	0.29	Corpus paper

Concentrations from PubMed Central Open Access papers (free literature corpus, MIT-style licensed). Copper = OAV ≥ 10 (strongly perceptible). Green = OAV ≥ 1 (perceptible).

Found in

Measured impact first, then profile share

Every ingredient known to contain beta-ionone. Ingredients with a measured concentration come first, ranked by odour activity; the rest follow by how large a share of that ingredient's profile this molecule is. The figure beside each is how many different compounds that ingredient has in total — not the concentration of beta-ionone in it. Full concentrations are in the OAV table above.

519 cmpds

578 cmpds

✓1 13 cmpds

18 cmpds