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palmitic acid

sour acid

Found in 214 ingredients across the CompKitchen flavor graph.

Look up another compound — search by name, CAS number, PubChem CID, or FEMA #.

2D Lewis structure of palmitic acid
2D Lewis Structure
Formula
C16H32O2
Molecular weight
256.42 g/mol
PubChem CID
985 — full record on PubChem

Properties

Odor description
slightly waxy fatty
Odor threshold — orthonasal, in clean water
10000 ppb 1 published value · see all 22 with sources
Volatility
low
CAS number
57-10-3
Retention index
1968
Regulatory · United States

FEMA GRAS — Generally Recognized As Safe for flavoring use

✓ Exact match
FEMA number
2832
GRAS publication
GRAS 3
FEMA primary name
PALMITIC ACID

Use-level matrix not extracted for this substance — check the source publication for current ppm guidance.

Source: FEMA GRAS publications 1-33.

How this molecule is described

Sources disagree about odour more often than they disagree about chemistry. Rather than show one answer, here is every description on file with how many ingredient records carry it.

Also filed as
hexadecanoic acid

Same molecule, unified here — previously counted and displayed as separate compounds.

Descriptions on file

Ordered by how many independent descriptor streams give each wording, then by how often it appears. The bar is still replication — one source copied onto many ingredients scores high there — so the two can disagree.

slightly waxy fatty shown above FlavorDB 2.0, Flavordb Odor Column 2 sources agree
105
fatty, slightly waxy FlavorDB 2.0
83
Fatty, waxy FlavorDB 2.0
10
sour aroma FlavorDB 2.0
1

Bars are the share of ingredient records carrying each description. High agreement means the sources replicate each other — not necessarily that they are right.

Published thresholds

22 measured values from the literature. Grouped by what was actually measured — a threshold smelled in clean water, tasted in the mouth, or measured in a real food are three different quantities and are not pooled.

Orthonasal, in clean water

10000 ppb

The reference measurement — smelled in water. OAV is computed against this.

Threshold Matrix Source Paper
10000 ppb water_odor Leffingwell —

In a food matrix

0.450 ppb – 121 ppb

Measured in a real food, where the matrix shifts detection — not a clean-water value.

Threshold Matrix Source Paper
0.450 ppb water (food: onion) Literature corpus 41174015
0.790 ppb water (food: honey) Literature corpus 17912357, 41306594
0.850 ppb water (food: strawberry) Literature corpus 17898464, 17912357, 19282638 +42
3.5 ppb water (food: ginger) Literature corpus 41193520
4.4 ppb water (food: rum) Literature corpus 17898464, 17912357, 19282638 +42
5.8 ppb water (food: tea) Literature corpus 34179519, 36323840, 39242718
7.5 ppb water (food: mushroom) Literature corpus 17898464, 17912357, 19282638 +42
8.0 ppb water (food: chocolate) Literature corpus 17898464
8.0 ppb water (food: fish) Literature corpus 17898464, 17912357, 19282638 +42
8.7 ppb water (food: apple) Literature corpus 17898464, 17912357, 19282638 +42
8.8 ppb water (food: grape) Literature corpus 39961895
12.7 ppb water (food: unknown) Literature corpus 19282638, 22391602, 23285821 +29
18.9 ppb water (food: milk) Literature corpus 21534545
23.9 ppb water (food: pork) Literature corpus 17898464, 17912357, 19282638 +42
32.2 ppb water (food: baijiu) Literature corpus 35513386
35.6 ppb water (food: beer) Literature corpus 17898464, 17912357, 19282638 +42
43.0 ppb water (food: soy sauce) Literature corpus 17898464, 17912357, 19282638 +42
121 ppb water (food: mango) Literature corpus 29211747
1963 ppb water (food: beef) Literature corpus 17898464, 17912357, 19282638 +42
Flagged: 222× from the median of this group. Excluded from the range above pending re-check against the source publication — shown rather than hidden.
1977 ppb water (food: rice) Literature corpus 17898464, 17912357, 19282638 +42
Flagged: 224× from the median of this group. Excluded from the range above pending re-check against the source publication — shown rather than hidden.
3520 ppb water (food: peanut) Literature corpus 39512543
Flagged: 399× from the median of this group. Excluded from the range above pending re-check against the source publication — shown rather than hidden.

Only values we can attribute are listed. Where a compendium's licence does not permit public attribution its figures are omitted here, so every number on this page traces to a citable source.

Where you'd actually smell it

Odor Activity Value = measured concentration ÷ odor threshold (10.7515 ppb, the engine's canonical value — see the 22 published values). OAV ≥ 1 = perceptible.

Food Concentration (ppb) OAV Source
triticale 810000.0 75338 ⚡ Corpus paper
cabbage 500000.0 46505 ⚡ PMID 38259922
papaya 400000.0 37204 ⚡ PMID 31315213
tangerine 32820.0 3053 ⚡ —
mushroom 13456.0 1252 ⚡ —
strawberry 3445.8 320 ⚡ —
onion 2322.0 216 ⚡ —
honey 2052.0 191 ⚡ —
baijiu 1968.0 183 ⚡ —
mango 1096.0 102 ⚡ —
rum 990.9 92.2 ⚡ —
wine 650.0 60.5 ⚡ —
tea 313.2 29.1 ⚡ —
turkey 234.0 21.8 ⚡ —
milk 117.0 10.9 ⚡ —
beef 73.0 6.79 —
rice 51.2 4.76 —
peanut 26.9 2.50 —
grape 24.9 2.31 —
beer 23.0 2.14 —

Concentrations from PubMed Central Open Access papers (free literature corpus, MIT-style licensed). Copper = OAV ≥ 10 (strongly perceptible). Green = OAV ≥ 1 (perceptible).

Found in

Measured impact first, then profile share

Every ingredient known to contain palmitic acid. Ingredients with a measured concentration come first, ranked by odour activity; the rest follow by how large a share of that ingredient's profile this molecule is. The figure beside each is how many different compounds that ingredient has in total — not the concentration of palmitic acid in it. Full concentrations are in the OAV table above.

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