dodecanoic acid
sour acidFound in 656 ingredients across the CompKitchen flavor graph.
Look up another compound — search by name, CAS number, PubChem CID, or FEMA #.
- Formula
- C12H24O2
- Molecular weight
- 200.32 g/mol
- PubChem CID
- 3893 — full record on PubChem
Properties
- Odor description
- metal
- Odor threshold — orthonasal, in clean water
- 10000 ppb 1 published value · see all 12 with sources
- Volatility
- medium
- CAS number
- 143-07-7
- Retention index
- 1566
FEMA GRAS — Generally Recognized As Safe for flavoring use
- FEMA number
- 4458
- GRAS publication
- GRAS 24
- FEMA primary name
- 5-Oxododecanoic acid
Reported use levels (ppm by food category)
Typical vs maximum reported addition levels in finished food. Use as a regulatory ceiling reference — verify against the current GRAS publication for your product category.
| Food category | Typical (ppm) | Maximum (ppm) |
|---|---|---|
| imitation dairy | 0.01 | 0.05 |
| milk products | 0.01 | 0.05 |
How this molecule is described
Sources disagree about odour more often than they disagree about chemistry. Rather than show one answer, here is every description on file with how many ingredient records carry it.
Same molecule, unified here — previously counted and displayed as separate compounds.
Ordered by how many independent descriptor streams give each wording, then by how often it appears. The bar is still replication — one source copied onto many ingredients scores high there — so the two can disagree.
Bars are the share of ingredient records carrying each description. High agreement means the sources replicate each other — not necessarily that they are right.
Published thresholds
12 measured values from the literature. Grouped by what was actually measured — a threshold smelled in clean water, tasted in the mouth, or measured in a real food are three different quantities and are not pooled.
Orthonasal, in clean water
10000 ppbThe reference measurement — smelled in water. OAV is computed against this.
| Threshold | Matrix | Source | Paper |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10000 ppb | water_odor | Leffingwell | — |
In a food matrix
0.070 ppb – 75.2 ppbMeasured in a real food, where the matrix shifts detection — not a clean-water value.
| Threshold | Matrix | Source | Paper |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.070 ppb | water (food: strawberry) | Literature corpus | 17898464, 21534545, 34179519 +4 |
| 1.2 ppb | water (food: apple) | Literature corpus | 17898464, 21534545, 34179519 +4 |
| 3.5 ppb | water (food: rum) | Literature corpus | 17898464, 21534545, 34179519 +4 |
| 3.6 ppb | water (food: tea) | Literature corpus | 34179519 |
| 4.5 ppb | water (food: wine) | Literature corpus | 36496598 |
| 4.9 ppb | water (food: lime) | Literature corpus | 17898464, 21534545, 34179519 +4 |
| 14.8 ppb | water (food: milk) | Literature corpus | 21534545 |
| 20.3 ppb | water (food: pork) | Literature corpus | 17898464, 21534545, 34179519 +4 |
| 26.0 ppb | water (food: chocolate) | Literature corpus | 17898464 |
| 75.2 ppb | water (food: unknown) | Literature corpus | 38330006, 39732883, 40093635 |
| 970 ppb | water (food: rice) | Literature corpus | 17898464, 21534545, 34179519 +4 |
| Flagged: 199× from the median of this group. Excluded from the range above pending re-check against the source publication — shown rather than hidden. | |||
Only values we can attribute are listed. Where a compendium's licence does not permit public attribution its figures are omitted here, so every number on this page traces to a citable source.
Where you'd actually smell it
Odor Activity Value = measured concentration ÷ odor threshold (9.81 ppb, the engine's canonical value — see the 12 published values). OAV ≥ 1 = perceptible.
| Food | Concentration (ppb) | OAV | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| grape | 120000.0 | 12232 ⚡ | PMID 34623142 |
| rice | 436.0 | 44.4 ⚡ | Corpus paper |
| milk | 257.0 | 26.2 ⚡ | Corpus paper |
| tea | 59.5 | 6.06 | Corpus paper |
| wine | 4.7 | 0.48 | — |
| apple | 1.6 | 0.16 | — |
| rum | 1.0 | 0.10 | — |
| lime | 0.7 | 0.07 | — |
| chocolate | 0.5 | 0.05 | — |
| strawberry | 0.1 | 0.01 | — |
Concentrations from PubMed Central Open Access papers (free literature corpus, MIT-style licensed). Copper = OAV ≥ 10 (strongly perceptible). Green = OAV ≥ 1 (perceptible).
Found in
Measured impact first, then profile shareEvery ingredient known to contain dodecanoic acid. Ingredients with a measured concentration come first, ranked by odour activity; the rest follow by how large a share of that ingredient's profile this molecule is. The figure beside each is how many different compounds that ingredient has in total — not the concentration of dodecanoic acid in it. Full concentrations are in the OAV table above.
The inverted compound index is a Pro feature — reverse-search any of 5,240 flavor molecules across the full graph.
Get a molecule-level pairing breakdown each week — which ingredients share a compound, and why it matters at the table. Free, no spam.
Prefer an account? Create a free account to save pairings and unlock the full chemistry.
Try the pairing tools to see which ingredient combinations rely on dodecanoic acid, or compare two ingredients side-by-side.