2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine
roasted pyrazine Key food odorantFound in 73 ingredients across the CompKitchen flavor graph.
Look up another compound — search by name, CAS number, PubChem CID, or FEMA #.
- Formula
- C7H10N2
- Molecular weight
- 122.17 g/mol
- PubChem CID
- 26808 — full record on PubChem
Key food odorant (individualist)
Dunkel et al. 2014Identified in the meta-analysis of 227 food samples as one of 151 individualist odorants — appears in <5% of foods, carries the diagnostic signature of specific ingredients.
Properties
- Odor description
- cocoa, roasted, peanut
- Odor threshold — orthonasal, in clean water
- 246 ppb – 1100 ppb median 673 ppb · 2 published values · see all 10 with sources
- Volatility
- high
- CAS number
- 14667-55-1
- Retention index
- 1252
FEMA GRAS — Generally Recognized As Safe for flavoring use
- FEMA number
- 3244
- GRAS publication
- GRAS 4
- FEMA primary name
- 2,3,5-TRIMETHYLPYRAZINE
Use-level matrix not extracted for this substance — check the source publication for current ppm guidance.
How this molecule is described
Sources disagree about odour more often than they disagree about chemistry. Rather than show one answer, here is every description on file with how many ingredient records carry it.
Ordered by how many independent descriptor streams give each wording, then by how often it appears. The bar is still replication — one source copied onto many ingredients scores high there — so the two can disagree.
Bars are the share of ingredient records carrying each description. High agreement means the sources replicate each other — not necessarily that they are right.
Published thresholds
10 measured values from the literature. Grouped by what was actually measured — a threshold smelled in clean water, tasted in the mouth, or measured in a real food are three different quantities and are not pooled.
Orthonasal, in clean water
246 ppb – 1100 ppbThe reference measurement — smelled in water. OAV is computed against this.
| Threshold | Matrix | Source | Paper |
|---|---|---|---|
| 246 ppb SIDA | water | Rychlik 1998 · 2 studies | — |
| 1100 ppb | water_odor | Leffingwell | — |
In a food matrix
2.8 ppb – 1388 ppbMeasured in a real food, where the matrix shifts detection — not a clean-water value.
| Threshold | Matrix | Source | Paper |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.070 ppb | water (food: rum) | Literature corpus | — |
| Flagged: 901× from the median of this group. Excluded from the range above pending re-check against the source publication — shown rather than hidden. | |||
| 2.8 ppb | water (food: unknown) | Literature corpus | — |
| 3.0 ppb | water (food: sesame) | Literature corpus | — |
| 123 ppb | water (food: baijiu) | Literature corpus | — |
| 1041 ppb | water (food: tea) | Literature corpus | — |
| 1388 ppb | water (food: beef) | Literature corpus | — |
Retronasal / in-mouth
71.0 ppbTasted rather than smelled — a different sense, not comparable.
| Threshold | Matrix | Source | Paper |
|---|---|---|---|
| 71.0 ppb SIDA | water_retronasal | Rychlik 1998 · 1 studies | — |
Other matrix
290 ppbMeasured in a non-aqueous medium (oil, starch, cellulose).
| Threshold | Matrix | Source | Paper |
|---|---|---|---|
| 290 ppb | oil (sunflower oil) (food: cocoa beans) | Literature corpus | — |
Only values we can attribute are listed. Where a compendium's licence does not permit public attribution its figures are omitted here, so every number on this page traces to a citable source.
Where you'd actually smell it
Odor Activity Value = measured concentration ÷ odor threshold (123.1 ppb, the engine's canonical value — see the 10 published values). OAV ≥ 1 = perceptible.
| Food | Concentration (ppb) | OAV | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| lard | 35000.0 | 284 ⚡ | PMID 31304252 |
Concentrations from PubMed Central Open Access papers (free literature corpus, MIT-style licensed). Copper = OAV ≥ 10 (strongly perceptible). Green = OAV ≥ 1 (perceptible).
Found in
Measured impact first, then profile shareEvery ingredient known to contain 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine. Ingredients with a measured concentration come first, ranked by odour activity; the rest follow by how large a share of that ingredient's profile this molecule is. The figure beside each is how many different compounds that ingredient has in total — not the concentration of 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine in it. Full concentrations are in the OAV table above.
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